小一英文Grammar - Verb to be

Quick Exercise:

1.  I ________ (be) five years old.

2. She ________ (be) my best friend.

3. Peter and Sam ________(be) my classmates.

4. My brother and I ________ (be) are good in English.

小一英文 Grammar - Pronoun

小一 英文grammar (Plurals 眾數）

Rules of Plurals

1.     For most nouns, just add S

2.     For nouns ending in s, ss, x, ch, sh add ES

e.g. box -> boxes,   wish -> wishes    boss -> bosses   buzz -> buzzes   pitch -> pitches

3.     For some words ending with consonant+o, add ES

e.g. potato -> potatoes       tomato -> tomatoes    hero -> heroes

4.     For some words ending in o, add S (mostly newly created words and words with Spanish or Italian origin)

e.g. disco -> discos         logo -> logos    piano -> pianos

5.     For nouns ending with vowel + o, just add s

e.g.  studio -> studios     portfolio -> portfolios

6.     For some words ending in f or fe, change f to ves

e.g.  half -> halves     leaf -> leaves    self -> selves    wolf -> wolves 

7.     For words ending in single z, add zes

e.g.  quiz -> quizzes

8.     For some words ending in f, just add s

e.g.  chef -> chefs     cliff -> cliffs    roof -> roofs

9.     For some nouns ending in ife, change to ives

e.g. wife -> wives     life -> lives    knife -> knives

10. For common nouns end with consonant + y, change y to I and add es

e.g. poppy -> poppies    fly -> flies    party -> parties   lady -> ladies

11. For common nouns end with vowel + y, just add s (ay, ey, oy, uy)

e.g. boy -> boys     buy -> buys    day -> days   valley -> valleys

12. Some irregular common nouns are same in both singular and plural form

e.g. fish -> fish      sheep -> sheep    deer -> deer

13. Some nouns, change other letters

e.g. man -> men    tooth -> teeth    foot -> feet    woman -> women

14. Some nouns, change to another words

e.g. child -> children      mouse -> mice       ox -> oxen

15. Some nouns are always singular, no plural form

e.g. gold, silver, sugar, copper, cotton, news

16. Some nouns (associated with two things) exist only in plural form and take a plural verb

 e.g. scissors, trousers, pyjamas, shoes

小一 英文grammar (verb+ing)

Spelling rules – ING

1.     If the verb ends in an ‘E’, remove the E and add ING

e.g. have -> having,    live -> living

2.     If the verb ends in a consonant + vowel+ consonant, double the final consonant and add ING

e.g stop -> stopping    sit -> sitting    get -> getting   swim-> swimming

3.     If a two-syllable verb ends in a consonant + vowel + consonant, we do not double the final consonant

e.g. happen -> happening       enter -> entering   offer -> offering    suffer -> suffering

4.     Do not double the final consonant when the verb ends in W,X or Y or when the final syllable is not emphasized

e.g. fix -> fixing      snow -> snowing     enjoy -> enjoying

5.     If the verb ends in IE we change it to YING

e.g. lie -> lying     die -> dying    tie -> tying

6.     If the verb ends in consonant + vowel + L, we double the final L and add ING

e.g. travel -> travelling         marvel -> marvelling

7.     If the verb ends in a stressed vowel + R, we double the final R and add ING

e.g. refer -> referring      defer -> deferring

8.     If the verb ends in an unstressed vowel + R, we do not double the final R and add ING

e.g. offer -> offering      suffer -> suffering            whisper -> whispering

幼稚園字咭（一至五）

識字咭 （一至五）